Spermidine plays a key role in regulating cell growth. It is positively charged, so it naturally binds to negatively charged molecules like DNA. Spermidine fits neatly in both the major and minor grooves of the DNA helix. Most spermidine in our body is actively bound to our genetic material, stabilizing our genetic code for proper translation. Spermidine is also a potent activator of autophagy.
The problem is that spermidine levels decline with age. Ours tend to drop by more than half by the time we reach our fifties.
However, we could also replenish declining levels externally with a spermidine-rich diet.
Taking the amount of spermidine in a daily half teaspoon of wheat germ can significantly reduce hair shedding (as determined by the so-called pull test) compared to placebo even months after the study ended.
Though spermidine may reduce the risk of getting cancer, because autophagy’s nutrient replenishment action could potentially help sustain tumor viability, perhaps people with cancer shouldn’t go out of their way to increase their spermidine intake. Another group advised to exercise caution are those with kidney failure.
What are the healthspan benefits from consuming wheat germ?
Wheat germ, a by-product of the wheat milling process, is rich in bioactive compounds and has been studied for its potential health benefits, particularly in relation to healthspan. Here are some key findings from the provided sources:
Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds
Wheat germ is a concentrated source of essential nutrients, including dietary fiber, essential fatty acids, proteins, vitamins (especially vitamin E), and minerals. It also contains bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, tocopherols, and peptides, which contribute to its health benefits[1][2][4][5][10][15].
Antioxidant Properties
Wheat germ exhibits significant antioxidant properties due to its high content of phenolic compounds, tocopherols, and other bioactive substances. These antioxidants help in reducing oxidative stress, which is linked to aging and various chronic diseases[2][10].
Cardiovascular Health
Wheat germ has been shown to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. A randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled clinical trial is being conducted to evaluate the effects of wheat germ-enriched bread on blood cholesterol and triglycerides, postprandial glycemic response, gastrointestinal function, and changes in intestinal microbiota and insulin resistance[5]. The high content of essential fatty acids and dietary fiber in wheat germ also supports cardiovascular health by reducing cholesterol levels and improving lipid profiles[1][15].
Antidiabetic Effects
Wheat germ peptides (WGPs) have demonstrated α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, which can help in managing blood glucose levels. This makes WGPs a potential ingredient for antidiabetic foods. The peptides with molecular weight less than 1 kDa showed the highest inhibitory activity, suggesting their role in reducing the glucose-releasing rate and managing diabetes[7].
Gastrointestinal Health
The dietary fiber in wheat germ promotes gastrointestinal health by improving bowel movements and supporting a healthy gut microbiota. This can lead to better digestion and reduced gastrointestinal discomfort[5].
Anti-inflammatory and Antilipidemic Effects
Wheat germ extracts have shown anti-inflammatory and antilipidemic effects, which can help in managing conditions like fatty liver disease and obesity. These effects are attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, tocopherols, and γ-oryzanol[10].
Potential for Functional Foods
Fermented wheat germ products have enhanced nutritional composition and biological properties, including higher antioxidant activities and increased concentrations of beneficial compounds like gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). These products can be developed into functional foods with health-promoting properties[2][6].
Summary
Consuming wheat germ can offer several healthspan benefits, including:
- Antioxidant protection: Reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
- Cardiovascular health: Lowering cholesterol and improving lipid profiles.
- Antidiabetic effects: Managing blood glucose levels.
- Gastrointestinal health: Improving digestion and gut health.
- Anti-inflammatory and antilipidemic effects: Managing obesity and fatty liver disease.
These benefits make wheat germ a valuable addition to the diet, potentially contributing to improved healthspan and reduced risk of chronic diseases.